Hi,

1/ For categories: "News, Energy" - Google will auto index it because it's your categories, if you don't want google index it, let's remove those categories and wait google update it.

2/ For portfolio, if you want to do that, just need deactivate plugin "Penci Portfolio". After that, wait google update it.

3/ For author page, it auto regenerate by WordPress based on your users. 

If you want to stop it, you need to change the index rules and google will stop to index all pages on your site ( include homepage, single post pages,...etc... all pages ) - check this image to know how to do that.

But, please remember if you check on it, all the pages on your site will stop to index on google or other search engines.

Best Regards,

PenciDesign